{
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "id": "aquilaria-malaccensis",
 "type": "Botanical",
 "version": 3,
 "updated": "2026-10-01",
 "station": 1,
 "confidence": "A",
 "sources": [
  "GBIF-1",
  "CITES-1",
  "GC-13",
  "WD-1"
 ],
 "notes": "CITES Appendix II, as a genus listing of all Aquilaria spp. (CITES-1), current listing in force from 23 February 2023 with Annotation #14 (CoP19); EU Annex B (CITES-1). GC-13: the genus has been listed since 2004 (GC-13).",
 "latin_name": {
  "value": "Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GBIF-1",
  "where": "reports/plan-steps/step7/gbif/gbif-Aquilaria_malaccensis.usage.json:23",
  "quote": "Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.",
  "confidence": "A",
  "note": "the GBIF record’s scientific name; the accepted name in the GBIF Backbone (usage 5524063); Species+ carries the same name (CITES-1)"
 },
 "wikidata_qid": {
  "value": "Q2249742",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "WD-1",
  "where": "reports/l2/ids/wikidata/Q2249742.json:13",
  "quote": "{\"property\":\"P225\",\"label\":\"taxon name\",\"value\":\"Aquilaria malaccensis\",\"rank\":\"normal\"}",
  "confidence": "A",
  "note": "the item’s taxon name (P225) is “Aquilaria malaccensis”, the record’s botanical name without its author"
 },
 "odeuropa_eokg_uri": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no concept of the European Olfactory Knowledge Graph states owl:sameAs / skos:exactMatch / skos:closeMatch to Q2249742 (the Odeuropa lookup, read 2026-09-30)"
 },
 "common_name": {
  "value": "agarwood tree; its resinous wood is agarwood, or oud",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-13",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-13-baig-2025-agarwood.md:13",
  "quote": "Agarwood, also known as oud, aloeswood, or gharuwood, is a fragrant dark resinous wood formed in the heartwood of Aquilaria trees, particularly when they are wounded or infected by a fungus.",
  "confidence": "A"
 },
 "family": {
  "value": "Thymelaeaceae",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GBIF-1",
  "where": "reports/plan-steps/step7/gbif/gbif-Aquilaria_malaccensis.usage.json:9",
  "quote": "Thymelaeaceae",
  "confidence": "A",
  "note": "the GBIF record’s family"
 },
 "part_used": {
  "value": "the heartwood, where a dark fragrant resin forms when the tree is wounded or infected by a fungus",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "GC-13",
  "where": "docs/sources/GC-13-baig-2025-agarwood.md:13",
  "quote": "Agarwood, also known as oud, aloeswood, or gharuwood, is a fragrant dark resinous wood formed in the heartwood of Aquilaria trees, particularly when they are wounded or infected by a fungus.",
  "confidence": "A"
 },
 "cultivars": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no cultivar is named in a filed source"
 },
 "origins": [
  {
   "origin": "sarawak-my",
   "evidence": "documented",
   "source": "GC-13",
   "where": "docs/sources/GC-13-baig-2025-agarwood.md:22",
   "quote": "In Southeast Asia, Aquilaria malaccensis is the primary source of premium agarwood.",
   "note": "Southeast Asia; Malaysia is in the species’ Species+ distribution (CITES-1, read). The Sarawak point is the page’s",
   "confidence": "B"
  }
 ],
 "materials": [
  {
   "material": "agarwood-oil",
   "extraction": "hydrodistillation"
  }
 ],
 "media": [
  "spec-oud",
  "or-2-film"
 ],
 "links": {
  "essay": "/perfumery/materials.html#origin-oud",
  "card": "/perfumery/materials.html#naturals"
 },
 "copy": {
  "lede": "Aquilaria malaccensis Lam., of the family Thymelaeaceae, is the agarwood tree of Southeast Asia. Oud is not its wood but its wound response: a dark resin that forms in the heartwood when the tree is wounded or infected by a fungus.",
  "body": [
   "Every Aquilaria is on CITES Appendix II, so international trade in the wood and oil needs permits; the current listing has been in force since 23 February 2023."
  ]
 },
 "source_licence": {
  "derived_from": "sources[] (scripts/validate-entities.mjs recomputes this)",
  "classes": [
   "CC BY",
   "CC0",
   "no licence stated"
  ],
  "commercial_use": "facts and short quotes only",
  "single_source": null,
  "licence": null
 }
}