{
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "id": "rosa-damascena",
 "type": "Botanical",
 "version": 4,
 "updated": "2026-10-01",
 "station": 1,
 "confidence": "A",
 "sources": [
  "S6",
  "HV-1",
  "HV-2",
  "WD-1"
 ],
 "latin_name": {
  "value": "Rosa damascena Mill.",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "S6",
  "where": "docs/sources/S6-kumar-2023-damask-rose-clones.md:3",
  "confidence": "A",
  "quote": "damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.)"
 },
 "wikidata_qid": {
  "value": "Q578904",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "WD-1",
  "where": "reports/l2/ids/wikidata/Q578904.json:13",
  "quote": "{\"property\":\"P225\",\"label\":\"taxon name\",\"value\":\"Rosa × damascena\",\"rank\":\"normal\"}",
  "confidence": "A",
  "note": "the item’s taxon name (P225) is “Rosa × damascena”, the record’s botanical name without its author"
 },
 "odeuropa_eokg_uri": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no concept of the European Olfactory Knowledge Graph states owl:sameAs / skos:exactMatch / skos:closeMatch to Q578904 (the Odeuropa lookup, read 2026-09-30)"
 },
 "common_name": {
  "value": "damask rose",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "S6",
  "where": "docs/sources/S6-kumar-2023-damask-rose-clones.md:3",
  "confidence": "A",
  "quote": "damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.)"
 },
 "family": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "no botanical authority (POWO, Wikidata) is filed in the source pages for the family; not stated by the sources in the repository"
 },
 "part_used": {
  "value": "the flowers (rose blossom), picked with the sepals",
  "evidence": "documented",
  "source": "HV-1",
  "where": "docs/sources/HV-1-eu-pgi-bulgarsko-rozovo-maslo.md:22",
  "confidence": "A",
  "quote": "only blossoms with at least one open petal are picked with the sepals, without damaging the stem or the branches",
  "date": "2014-04-25"
 },
 "cultivars": {
  "value": null,
  "evidence": null,
  "source": null,
  "where": null,
  "confidence": null,
  "note": "S6 profiles one study’s Indian clonal selections (‘Jwala’/‘Himroz’ progeny), not cultivars of the origins on record; no cultivar list is filed"
 },
 "origins": [
  {
   "origin": "kazanlak-bg",
   "evidence": "documented",
   "source": "HV-1",
   "where": "docs/sources/HV-1-eu-pgi-bulgarsko-rozovo-maslo.md:25",
   "quote": "The Damask rose is traditionally grown in the Valley of Roses (Rozovata Dolina) in Central Bulgaria",
   "confidence": "A"
  },
  {
   "origin": "taif-sa",
   "evidence": "inferred",
   "source": "HV-2",
   "where": "docs/sources/HV-2-saudipedia-taif-rose.md:13",
   "quote": "The rose-picking season in Taif begins at the end of March",
   "note": "HV-2 says \"rose\" and \"Taif rose\" without a species; the identification as R. damascena is inferred (Galal et al. 2022 says so, but was not used)",
   "confidence": "C"
  }
 ],
 "materials": [
  {
   "material": "rose-otto",
   "extraction": "steam-distillation"
  },
  {
   "material": "rose-absolute",
   "extraction": "solvent-extraction"
  }
 ],
 "media": [
  "s5-dive",
  "mat1",
  "s1-film",
  "spec-rose"
 ],
 "links": {
  "essay": "/perfumery/materials.html#origin-rose",
  "dive": "/perfumery/materials.html#origin-rose",
  "card": "/perfumery/materials.html#naturals"
 },
 "copy": {
  "lede": "The damask rose, Rosa damascena Mill., is the perfumer’s rose. Its flowers are picked with the sepals, in the early morning, for a few weeks each spring; from them come rose otto by distillation and rose absolute by solvent extraction.",
  "body": [
   "Two of its places are on record here: the Valley of Roses around Kazanlak in Bulgaria, whose rose oil is a protected name, and Taif in Saudi Arabia, where the picking season begins at the end of March. The family, the cultivars and the other growing regions are not filed until a source is."
  ]
 },
 "source_licence": {
  "derived_from": "sources[] (scripts/validate-entities.mjs recomputes this)",
  "classes": [
   "CC BY",
   "CC0",
   "EU reuse policy",
   "publisher's terms"
  ],
  "commercial_use": "facts and short quotes only",
  "single_source": null,
  "licence": null
 }
}